Section 17 fraud refers to a legal provision under various jurisdictions that addresses fraudulent activities in specific contexts. The exact details can vary depending on the country or legal system involved, but Section 17 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 provides a notable example of how fraud is defined in

Under Section 16 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, undue influence is defined as: “A contract is said to be induced by undue influence where the relations subsisting between the parties are such that one party is in a position to dominate the will of the other and uses that

According to Section 15 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, coercion is defined as: Coercion is the committing, or threatening to commit, any act forbidden by the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860), or the unlawful detaining, or threatening to detain, any property, to the prejudice of any person, with

The doctrine of privity of contract is a legal principle in contract law that holds that only the parties directly involved in a contract (i.e., those who have entered into the agreement) can enforce or be bound by the terms of that contract. In other words, a third party who

The capacity to contract is a fundamental concept in contract law, determining who is legally capable of entering into a binding agreement. For a contract to be valid, all parties involved must have the capacity to understand and agree to the terms of the contract. Here are the key elements

Consideration in a contract is said to be unlawful when it involves actions or promises that are illegal, immoral, or against public policy. Here are the circumstances under which consideration is considered unlawful: 1- Illegal Acts: If the consideration involves doing something that is illegal, it is unlawful. For example,

Agreements without consideration are generally not valid contracts in contract law. However, there are some exceptions where such agreements might be enforceable: 1- Promises in writing based on natural love and affection (close family): In some jurisdictions, promises between close family members made in writing and registered can be valid

Section 2 (d) of Indian Contract Act, 1872 defines ‘Consideration’ Consideration in Law of Contract says, “When, at the desire of the promisor, the promisee or any other person has done or abstained from doing, or does or abstains from doing, or promises to do or to abstain from doing,

Differences Between Offer and Invitation to Offer Offer- When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal or offer. An invitation to offer or

An invitation to offer or invitation to treat is a preliminary communication that indicates a willingness to negotiate or engage in discussions but does not amount to a binding offer. It is an indication that one party is prepared to receive offers from others, which it can then accept or

Section 2 (h) of Indian Contract Act, 1872 defines ‘Contract’ “An agreement enforceable by law is called as contract.” Contract = Agreement + Enforceability The key components of this definition involve two fundamental elements: “agreement” and “enforceability by law.” 1. Agreement: An agreement arises when one person makes a proposal

Section 5 of Indian Contract Act, 1872- Revocation of proposals and acceptances Revocation of proposals “A proposal may be revoked at any time before the communication of its acceptance is complete as against the proposer, but not afterwards.” Revocation of acceptances “An acceptance may be revoked at any time before

The Indian Contract Act, 1872 recognizes several different types of offers in law, each with its own characteristics: 1- Express Offer: This is a clear and direct communication of a proposal, either written or spoken. The offeror explicitly states their willingness to do or abstain from doing something in exchange

In contract law, the distinction between a specific offer and a general offer is significant, as it affects how the offer is communicated, accepted, and enforced. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences: Specific Offer Definition A specific offer is made to a particular individual or a defined group of

Section 2(a) of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, says “When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal or offer” In

The Indian Contract Act of 1872- Termination of Agency-Indian Contract Act It does not contain specific provisions for the termination of agency relationships. However, an agency relationship can be terminated by various means as per general principles of contract law. Here are a few common ways in which an agency

Communication When Complete Section 4 Indian Contract Act, 1872. The communication of a proposal is complete when it becomes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made. The communication of an acceptance is complete -as against the proposer, when it is put in a course of transmission